The Kirk-Spock Leadership Framework for Balanced Human-AI Collaboration in Construction Project Management

The Kirk-Spock Leadership Framework for Balanced Human-AI Collaboration in Construction Project Management

2026

DOI: https://doi.org/10.60164/gd3xewcjc

Authors: Elyar Pourrahimian, Diana Salhab, Farook Hamzeh

Citation:

Pourrahimian, E., Salhab, D., Hamzeh, F. (2026) The Kirk-Spock Leadership Framework for Balanced Human-AI Collaboration in Construction Project Management. Lean Construction Journal 2026 pp 85-107. https://doi.org/10.60164/gd3xewcjc (submitted 02Mar2026; Accepted 23Apr2026) www.leanconstructionjournal.org

Abstract:

Question: What leadership approach can sustain human adaptability and resilience in construction project management in the age of Artificial Intelligence (AI)?

Purpose: The purpose is to develop and demonstrate a framework that helps construction project managers effectively use AI while actively preserving their critical thinking, intuition, and emotional intelligence.

Research Method: This study adopts a Design Science Research (DSR) approach to develop the Kirk–Spock Leadership Framework (KSLF) for balanced human–AI collaboration in construction management.

Findings: The paper proposes that while AI offers efficiency, only a balanced human–AI leadership model can prevent skill loss and build more resilient leaders.

Limitations: The paper’s limitations stem from its conceptual nature, limited case evidence, reliance on cross-industry analogies, and lack of longitudinal validation for the proposed framework.

Implications: The paper suggests that sustaining human cognitive engagement alongside AI is crucial for both theory and practice, resulting in stronger leaders, healthier teams, and more adaptable organizations.

Value for authors: The authors’ value lies in creating a new leadership framework (KSLF) and providing both theoretical and practical guidance for sustaining human leadership capacity in AI-augmented construction management.

Keywords: Lean Construction, Artificial Intelligence, Construction Project Management, Human-AI Collaboration, Cognitive Outsourcing

Paper type: Full paper